Nick+Paparoidamis+Homework


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Assignment 1: A convenient and simple procedure for the preparation of nitrate esters from alcohols employing LiNO3/(CF3CO)2O** [|Trifluoroacetic Anhydride/LiNO3]
 * [Full Marks JCB]**
 * Discussion to further uses of nitrate esters. The main idea is that they are compounds that easily form alkoxy radicals via photolysis by AIBN/tributyltin hydride.
 * Here they discuss what they want to do with the their nitrate esters. The only problem they are having is the conditions of the nitrate. They have tried several reactions which lead to low yeilds, so they designed a method using LiNO3, TFAA, and sodium carbonate in acetonitrile.
 * Nitrate esters have mainly been synthesized through a mixed anhydride (fuming nitric acid and acetic anhydride). The reactive mixed anhydride is generated in situ. They decided to make a more reactive anhydride via TFAA and lithium nitrate.
 * Here they discussed all the variations of the experiment that were attempted. They varied the mixing time of the anhydride, mixing times with the alcohols, solvent systems, temperature, addition of bases, and uses of various nitrate sources. A table shows the amount of the products, nitrate esters and trifluoroacetate.
 * In this paragraph they used the best nitration coniditions, lithium nitrate, TFAA, and sodium carbonate, in acetonitrile at 0 C, to nitrate several alcohols. A table depicts the yields of the various nitrate esters that were synthesized by the group.
 * Concluding paragraph. They just summarize the best coniditons they found to form the greatest amount of nitrate esters. This way has milder conditions.
 * Acknowledgements: They thank all their sources of financial support and univeristies that work was done at.
 * References: 18 references listed. They also included general procedures for synthesizing the nitrate ester and proton NMR, 13-C NMR, and mass spec data for one of their nitrate esters.


 * Assignment 2:

linalool (3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol)

Boiling Point: 194-197 C (720 mmHg) [|Sigma] 198-199 C [|Wikipedia] 198.5 C [|Chemspider Predicted] 198-200 C [|MSDS] 198 C [|Chemspider] [|Food Safety and Quality]

Denstity: 0.87 g/mL (25 C) [|Sigma] 0.858-0.868 g/mL [|Wikipedia] 0.9 g/mL [|MSDS] 0.858 g/mL [|Chemspider Predicted] 0.87 g/mL [|Wolfram Alpha] **

0.17 mmHg (25 C) [|Sigma] 21 Pa ~ 0.1575 mmHg (25 C) [|MSDS] 0.0905 mmHg (25 C) [|Chemspider Predicted] 0.17 mmHg (25 C) [|Wolfram Alpha] 0.16000 mmHg (25 C) [|Good Scents Company]
 * Vapor Pressure:**

78 C [|Sigma] 76 C [|Chemspider] [|Alfa Aesar] 75 C [|MSDS] 84.9 C [|Chemspider Predicted] **
 * Flash Point:**
 * 55 C [|Wikipedia]

1.462 [|Sigma] 1.463 [|Chemspider Predicted] 1.4620 [|Chemspider] [|Alfa Aesar] 1.462 [|Wolfram Alpha] 1.4627 CRC Handbook
 * Refractive Index:**

[Full Marks JCB]**
 * DONE